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Canada’s Regions and Geography
A short summary of what to know, then 21 free practice questions with answers.
What to know
Canada has 10 provinces and 3 territories, commonly grouped into five regions: the Atlantic Provinces, Central Canada, the Prairie Provinces, the West Coast and the North. Ottawa, in Ontario, is the national capital.
The Atlantic Provinces are Newfoundland and Labrador, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. Newfoundland and Labrador has the most easterly point in North America and relies on fisheries and offshore oil and gas. Prince Edward Island is known for potatoes, and Nova Scotia is the most populous Atlantic province; Pier 21 in Halifax welcomed many immigrants. Central Canada is Quebec and Ontario: most Quebecers live along the St. Lawrence River, and Ontario borders the Great Lakes. Lake Superior is the largest freshwater lake on Earth by surface area, and Lake Michigan is the only Great Lake entirely in the United States.
The Prairie Provinces are Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. Regina, Saskatchewan’s capital, is home to the RCMP training academy. British Columbia, on the West Coast, has an economy built on forestry, trade through its Pacific ports, mining, fishing and tourism. In the North, the Mackenzie River flows through the Northwest Territories, and “Nunavut” means “our land” in Inuktitut.
Provincial and territorial capitals: St. John’s (NL), Charlottetown (PE), Halifax (NS), Fredericton (NB), Quebec City (QC), Toronto (ON), Winnipeg (MB), Regina (SK), Edmonton (AB), Victoria (BC), Whitehorse (YT), Yellowknife (NT) and Iqaluit (NU), formerly called Frobisher Bay.
Key facts to remember
- 10 provinces and 3 territories in five regions.
- Prairie Provinces: Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta.
- Capitals to know: Regina, Edmonton, Victoria, Yellowknife, Iqaluit.
- Lake Superior is the largest freshwater lake by surface area.
- “Nunavut” means “our land” in Inuktitut.
Read the official chapter
This summary is our own and doesn’t replace the official guide. Read “Canada's Regions” in Discover Canada on canada.ca, then test yourself below. Next topic: Rights & responsibilities.
Written by ChowChow Labs from Discover Canada. Last reviewed . Spotted a mistake? Tell us.
Question 1 · Regions & Geography
What is the capital of the Northwest Territories?
- A. Iqaluit
- B. Whitehorse
- C. Yellowknife
- D. Hay River
Show answer
Answer: C. Yellowknife
Yellowknife is the capital of the Northwest Territories.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 2 · Regions & Geography
Which of the five Great Lakes lies entirely within the United States?
- A. Lake Michigan
- B. Lake Superior
- C. Lake Erie
- D. Lake Ontario
Show answer
Answer: A. Lake Michigan
Ontario borders four Great Lakes: Superior, Huron, Erie and Ontario. Lake Michigan is entirely in the United States.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 3 · Regions & Geography
What is the capital of Alberta?
- A. Calgary
- B. Edmonton
- C. Red Deer
- D. Lethbridge
Show answer
Answer: B. Edmonton
Edmonton is the capital of Alberta.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 4 · Regions & Geography
Which of these are important to British Columbia's economy?
- A. Forestry
- B. Trade through its Pacific ports
- C. Tourism
- D. All of the above
Show answer
Answer: D. All of the above
British Columbia is known for forestry, its Pacific ports and gateway role to Asia, and tourism in its mountains and parks.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 5 · Regions & Geography
Along which river do most Quebecers live?
- A. The Fraser River
- B. The St. Lawrence River
- C. The Mackenzie River
- D. The Saskatchewan River
Show answer
Answer: B. The St. Lawrence River
Most of Quebec's population lives along the St. Lawrence River.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 6 · Regions & Geography
Pier 21, a historic arrival point for many immigrants, is located in which city?
- A. Montreal
- B. Halifax
- C. Saint John
- D. Quebec City
Show answer
Answer: B. Halifax
Pier 21 in Halifax was a gateway to Canada for many immigrants arriving by sea and is now a national museum.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 7 · Regions & Geography
What does 'Nunavut' mean in Inuktitut?
- A. Our land
- B. Northern lights
- C. Great water
- D. Cold country
Show answer
Answer: A. Our land
Nunavut means 'our land' in Inuktitut, the language of the Inuit.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 8 · Regions & Geography
Prince Edward Island is especially known for growing which crop?
- A. Potatoes
- B. Rice
- C. Cotton
- D. Sugar cane
Show answer
Answer: A. Potatoes
PEI's red soil and agriculture, especially potatoes, are central to its economy and identity.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 9 · Regions & Geography
By surface area, which lake is the largest freshwater lake on Earth?
- A. Lake Huron
- B. Lake Ontario
- C. Lake Erie
- D. Lake Superior
Show answer
Answer: D. Lake Superior
Lake Superior covers about 82,000 square kilometres and borders Ontario and three U.S. states.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 10 · Regions & Geography
What is the capital of Saskatchewan?
- A. Prince Albert
- B. Saskatoon
- C. Moose Jaw
- D. Regina
Show answer
Answer: D. Regina
Regina is the capital of Saskatchewan.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 11 · Regions & Geography
The RCMP's training academy is located in which city?
- A. Edmonton
- B. Ottawa
- C. Winnipeg
- D. Regina
Show answer
Answer: D. Regina
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police trains its recruits at its academy in Regina, Saskatchewan.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 12 · Regions & Geography
Which provinces are the Prairie Provinces?
- A. Ontario, Manitoba and Saskatchewan
- B. Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia
- C. Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta
- D. Alberta, British Columbia and Yukon
Show answer
Answer: C. Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta
The Prairie Provinces are Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 13 · Regions & Geography
Which major river flows through the Northwest Territories?
- A. The Fraser River
- B. The St. Lawrence River
- C. The Mackenzie River
- D. The Saint John River
Show answer
Answer: C. The Mackenzie River
The Mackenzie River, one of North America's longest river systems, flows through the Northwest Territories to the Arctic Ocean.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 14 · Regions & Geography
What is the capital of British Columbia?
- A. Victoria
- B. Kelowna
- C. Vancouver
- D. Surrey
Show answer
Answer: A. Victoria
Victoria, on Vancouver Island, is the capital of British Columbia.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 15 · Regions & Geography
Which is the most populous of the Atlantic Provinces?
- A. New Brunswick
- B. Newfoundland and Labrador
- C. Prince Edward Island
- D. Nova Scotia
Show answer
Answer: D. Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia has the largest population of the four Atlantic Provinces.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 16 · Regions & Geography
What is the capital of Prince Edward Island?
- A. Charlottetown
- B. Moncton
- C. Summerside
- D. Sydney
Show answer
Answer: A. Charlottetown
Charlottetown is the capital of Prince Edward Island.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 17 · Regions & Geography
How many provinces and territories does Canada have?
- A. 12 provinces and 1 territory
- B. 9 provinces and 4 territories
- C. 10 provinces and 3 territories
- D. 10 provinces and 2 territories
Show answer
Answer: C. 10 provinces and 3 territories
There are ten provinces, plus the three territories of Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 18 · Regions & Geography
Which province includes the most easterly point in North America?
- A. Nova Scotia
- B. Prince Edward Island
- C. Newfoundland and Labrador
- D. New Brunswick
Show answer
Answer: C. Newfoundland and Labrador
Cape Spear, near St. John's, is North America's most easterly point.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 19 · Regions & Geography
How many regions is Canada commonly divided into?
- A. Three
- B. Four
- C. Seven
- D. Five
Show answer
Answer: D. Five
Canada's five regions are the Atlantic Provinces, Central Canada, the Prairie Provinces, the West Coast and the North.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 20 · Regions & Geography
Iqaluit, the capital of Nunavut, was formerly known by what name?
- A. Fort Churchill
- B. Port Royal
- C. Fort Garry
- D. Frobisher Bay
Show answer
Answer: D. Frobisher Bay
Iqaluit was formerly called Frobisher Bay.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
Question 21 · Regions & Geography
Which industries are especially important to Newfoundland and Labrador?
- A. Automobile manufacturing
- B. Wheat farming and cattle ranching
- C. Fisheries and offshore oil and gas
- D. Wine and fruit growing
Show answer
Answer: C. Fisheries and offshore oil and gas
Newfoundland and Labrador is known for fisheries, offshore oil and gas production, and hydro-electric resources.Source: Discover Canada, “Canada's Regions”
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